The top part of the
Metal Forming Panel
contains
two special plotting options.
|
This option will only be available if some entities have been
selected for plotting, see
METAL FORMING entity and state selection
.
When selected, this option will produce a graph of
Major
Engineering Strain
v
Minor Engineering
Strain
at the current analysis time for the selected entities,
see the figure below.
|
|
|
In addition to the shell elements that are represented by white dots, the
graph also contains a number of lines relating to physical and artificial
phenomena.
|
|
FLC
|
Forming Limit Curve. This curve represents the point at which
the material would fail. This curve may be generated from an equation or
read in from a file, see
METAL FORMING Data Values
for more
details.
|
|
Safety
|
This curve represents a safety margin. It is generated automatically
by subtracting a constant strain percentage from the FLC, see
METAL FORMING Data Values
|
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Uniaxial Tension
|
The uniaxial tension curve is defined by
|
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Pure Shear
|
The pure shear curve is defined by
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Uniaxial Compression
|
The uniaxial compression curve is defined by
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Severe Wrinkles
|
The severe wrinkles curve is defined by
E
(major)
= -
Wrinkle slope
E
(minor)
|
|
where
|
E
(major)
,
E
(minor)
|
True major/minor strains
|
|
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R
|
Normal Anisotropy Parameter
|
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Save
|
Save the points and the curve data to a curve file for reading into T/HIS.
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Zoom
|
Uses the cursor to zoom in on a rectangular area of the graph, and enlarges
the area to fill the whole window.
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Point
|
Select a point on the graph. The ID of the nearest shell to the point
is then written out to the dialogue area and the shell is labelled in
the graphics window if it is visible.
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X_auto
|
Resets the X scaling to automatic.
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Y_auto
|
Resets the Y scaling to automatic.
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Grid
|
Toggles a grid at the tick mark intervals on/off (Default
off
).
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Key
|
Toggles the curve "Key" on/off (Default
off
).
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Title
|
Toggles the analysis title on/off (Default
on
).
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|
Sel All
|
Blanks all Strain Path curves (for strain path plot).
|
|
Unsel All
|
Unlanks all Strain Path curves (for strain path plot).
|
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The
STRAIN PATH
option allows the user
to plot the
Major Engineering Strain
v
Minor Engineering Strain
path for the selected entities, see
METAL FORMING Entity and State Selection
. This produces a plot of
Major
Engineering Strain
v
Minor Engineering
Strain
at every plot-state, see the following figure. This option
is useful as it shows the strain-route taken by an element. For example,
if the material properties defined by the user do not allow failure then
this plot may help to highlight elements that appear to be okay at the
end of the analysis but are likely to have failed during the analysis
if failure criteria had been included in the material model.
If the selected entities are shells then D3PLOT will display the first
20 shells that have been selected. If a material has been selected then
D3PLOT will only display the first 20 shells in that material.
Curves can be blanked and unblanked using the key or
Sel All
and
Unsel All
options.
|
|
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In D3PLOT 13.0 onwards, select Data Component
FP_FORMABILITY
to plot the formability of the product.
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The formability of each element is determined
by its position on the FLD as follows:
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Cracks
|
Above the FLC.
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Risk of Cracks
|
Between the FLC and the safety curve.
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Severe Thinning
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Good
|
Between the safety curve and the uniaxial tension curve, not in the region of severe thinning.
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Wrinkling
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Between the uniaxial tension curve and severe wrinkles curve.
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Severe Wrinkles
|
Below the severe wrinkles curve. (For default wrinkle slope 0.0 this corresponds to any value with -ve major strain.)
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Low Strain
|
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where
|
E
(major)
,
E
(minor)
|
Engineering major/minor strains
|
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Before generating a
FORMABILITY
plot, the option to have 8 contour levels is automatically selected (see
DATA COMPONENTS - BASIC
). After the plot is completed these values are reset to
their previous settings.
|
FORMABILITY
(
CT
)
Plot
|
